GSLV MK-III...ISRO's Strongest launch vehicle!!! Launch vehicle for INDIAN HUMAN SPACE PROGRAM!!!

GSLV MK-III refers to Geosynchronous Satellite launch vehicle Mark-III. It is the most powerful rocket of ISRO (Indian space research origination).  It is a three-stage medium-lift launch vehicle developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Primarily designed to launch communication satellites into geostationary orbit, it is also identified as launch vehicle for crewed missions under the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme.

Design and mechanism of the vehicle:-

The vehicle consists of 3 stages:

The first stage consists of two S200 solid motors, also known as Large Solid Boosters (LSB) attached to the core stage. Each booster is 3.2 metres (10 ft) wide, 25 metres (82 ft) long, and carries 207 metric tons (456,000 lb) tonnes of propellant. The S200 booster uses an HTPB based propellant. It is the largest solid-fuel booster after the Space Shuttle SRBs and Ariane 5 SRBs.

The second stage, designated L110, is a liquid-fueled stage that is 21 metres (69 ft) tall and 4 metres (13 ft) wide, and contains 110 metric tons (240,000 lb) of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) and nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4). It is powered by two Vikas 2 engines, each generating 766 kilonewtons (172,000 lb_f) thrust, giving a total thrust of 1,532 kilonewtons (344,000 lb_f). The L110 is the first Indian clustered liquid-fueled engine. The Vikas engines uses regenerative cooling, providing improved weight and specific impulse compared to earlier Indian rockets.Each Vikas engine can be individually gimbaled to control vehicle pitch, yaw and roll control. The L110 core stage ignites 114 seconds after liftoff and burns for 203 seconds.

GSLV MK-III D1 lift off

The third stage is the cryogenic upper stage, designated C25, is 4 metres (13 ft) in diameter and 13.5 metres (44 ft) long, and contains 28 metric tons (62,000 lb) of propellant. It is powered by the CE-20 engine, producing 200 kN (45,000 lb_f) of thrust. CE-20 is the first cryogenic engine developed by India which uses a gas generator.

This launch vehicle has been developed to increase the payload carrying capacity of ISRO, which is very necessary for the missions like Chandrayaan-2(launch date is 15th July, 2019) and Indian Human Space program. Till now, GSLV MK-III has been launched 3 times and it is successful in all of its attempts. After several delays and a sub-orbital test flight on 18 December 2014, ISRO successfully conducted the first orbital test launch of GSLV-III on 5 June 2017 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Andhra Pradesh. GSLV MK-III has a very important role in Indian space program in future and I hope ISRO will get successes in their attempts.

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